Fernanda, the only known living Fernandina giant tortoise, now lives at the Galápagos National Park's Giant Tortoise Breeding Center on Santa Cruz Island. Princeton geneticist Stephen Gaughran recently confirmed that she comes from the same species as the tortoise collected in 1906, and those two are genetically distinct from all other Galápagos tortoises. Credit: Courtesy of the Galápagos Conservancy
A tortoise from a Galápagos species long believed extinct has been found alive and now confirmed to be a living member of the species. The tortoise, named Fernanda after her Fernandina Island home, is the first of her species identified in more than a century. For over a century, it was believed that the “fantastic giant tortoises” (Chelonoidis phantasticus) of Fernandina Island in the Galápagos archipelago were extinct. The discovery in 2019 of a female tortoise living on Fernandina Island provided the opportunity to determine if the species lives on. By sequencing the genomes of both the living individual and the museum specimen, and comparing them to the other 13 species of Galápagos giant tortoises, Princeton’s Stephen Gaughran showed that the two known Fernandina tortoises are members of the same species, genetically distinct from all others. He is co-first author on a paper in the current issue of Communications Biology confirming her species’ continued existence.